Background: The head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is one of the most frequent cancers in the world. with an unfavorable prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been found to be responsible for HNSCC recurrence and therapeutic resistance. Methods: The stemness of HNSCC was measured using a stemness index based on mRNA expression (mRNAsi). https://www.roneverhart.com/Bonsai-Tree/